Edentulismo e fragilidade em pessoas idosas domiciliadas: um estudo transversal / Edentulism and frailty in domiciled older adults: a cross-sectional study

Resumo Objetivo Investigar a associação entre fragilidade e edentulismo em pessoas idosas domiciliadas e determinar os fatores individuais, sociodemográficos e clínicos associados. Método Participaram deste estudo 333 pessoas idosas com 65 anos ou mais; eles responderam ao instrumento Edmonton Frail Scale Instrument (EFS). Também foram coletados dados sobre fatores socioeconômicos, saúde bucal e uso e necessidade de próteses dentárias. Aqueles com dificuldades cognitivas foram excluídos. Foram realizadas regressões logísticas multivariadas por meio dos métodos stepwise e backward que testaram a relação da perda dentária e covariáveis com os resultados da EFS. Variáveis com p<0,20 nas análises não ajustadas foram incluídas na regressão logística ajustada. Resultados A prevalência de fragilidade moderada a grave foi de 12,3%. O edentulismo foi relacionado à fragilidade (OR 3,45; IC 95%: 1,45 - 8,25; p=0,01), idade (OR 2,19; IC 95%: 1,07 - 4,46; p=0,03), sexo feminino (OR 2,75; IC 95%: 1,23 - 6,15; p=0,01), necessidade de prótese dentária inferior (OR 3,19; IC 95%: 1,27 - 8,05; p=0,01) e percepção de dor de dente (OR 2,74; IC 95%: 1,15 - 6,15; p=0,02). Conclusões A fragilidade foi associada ao edentulismo, idade, sexo feminino, necessidade de prótese dentária inferior e percepção de dor de dente. Essas condições bucais são altamente prevalentes entre os idosos e podem ser prevenidas por políticas públicas e ações multiprofissionais. Os exames bucais devem ser considerados nas avaliações de pacientes pré-frágeis e frágeis, pois os indicadores de saúde bucal foram associados a fragilidade da pessoa idosa.

Abstract Objective To investigate the association between frailty and edentulism in community-dwelling older adults and determine the individual, sociodemographic, and clinical factors associated. Method A total of 333 older adults aged 65 years or more participated in this study; they responded to the Edmonton Frail Scale instrument (EFS). Data on socioeconomic factors, oral health, and use of and need for dentures were also collected. Those with cognitive difficulties were excluded. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were performed using the stepwise and backward procedure, which tested the relationship of edentulism and covariates with EFS results. Variables with p<0,20 in the unadjusted analyzes were included in the adjusted logistic regression. Results The prevalence of moderate to severe frailty was 12.3%. Edentulism was related to frailty (OR 3,45; IC 95%: 1,45 - 8,25; p=0,01), age (OR 2,19; IC 95%: 1,07 - 4.46; p=0,03), female sex (OR 2,75; IC 95%: 1,23 - 6,15; p=0,01), the need of lower dental prosthesis (OR 3,19; IC 95%: 1,27 - 8,05; p=0,01) and toothache perception (OR 2,74; IC 95%: 1,15 - 6,15; p=0,02). Conclusions Frailty was associated with edentulism, age, female sex, the need for lower dental prosthesis and toothache perception. These oral conditions are highly prevalent among older adults and can be prevented by multiprofessional actions supported by public policies. Oral examinations should be considered in pre-frail and frail patients' assessments as oral health indicators were associated of older adults' frailty.

The impacts of oral health-related quality of life of elderly people living at home: a cross-sectional study / Impactos da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal de idosos em domicílio: estudo transversal

Abstract The scope was to verify the impact of oral and sociodemographic conditions, the dental treatment needs and dental pain, on the quality of life of the elderly. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 primary health care areas. A backward multivariate linear regression model was used (p<0.05) with oral health related-quality of life as dependent variable. There were 335 elderly people with predominance of women (56.72%) and aged up to 74 years (59.40%). Those who had up to 8 years of education predominated (87.46%), and those who were still working were the minority (13.43%). Multivariate linear regression (p<0.05) showed association with missing teeth (β=0,12; IC 0,00:0,04; p<0,04) and dental prosthesis needs (β=0,14; IC 0,13:0,81; p<0,01), women (β=0,18; IC 0,23:0,85; p<0,01), less aged (β=-0,12; IC -0,05:0,00; p<0,02), not working (β=-0,15; IC -1,09:-0,20; p<0,01), with dental care need (β=0,24; IC 0,25:0,63; p<0,01) and dental pain (β=0,14; IC 0,10:0,64; p<0,01). Missing teeth, sociodemographic conditions, dental treatment needs and dental pain might impact oral health-related quality of life of elders.

Resumo O objetivo foi verificar o impacto da condição bucal e sociodemográfica, necessidade de tratamento odontológico e dor dentária na qualidade de vida de idosos. Este estudo transversal realizou-se em 15 áreas de cuidados primários de saúde. O modelo de regressão linear multivariado foi utilizado (p <0,05) considerando qualidade de vida como variável dependente. Participaram 335 idosos, predomínio de mulheres (56,72%) com idade até 74 anos (59,40%). Ter até 8 anos de estudo predominou (87,46%) e os que trabalhavam eram minoria (13,43%). A regressão linear multivariada (p <0,05) apresentou associação da qualidade de vida com dentes perdidos (β=0,12; IC 0,00:0,04; p<0,04) e necessidade de próteses (β =0,14; IC 0,13:0,81; p<0,01), com mulheres (β=0,18; IC 0,23:0,85; p<0,01), idosos mais jovens (β=-0,12; IC -0,05:0,00; p<0,02), que não trabalham (β=-0,15; IC -1,09:-0,20; p<0,01), com necessidades de tratamento odontológico (β=0,24; IC 0,25:0,63; p<0,01) e dor dentária (β=0,14; IC 0,10:0,64; p<0,01). Dentes perdidos, aspectos sociodemográficos, necessidade de tratamento odontológico e dor dentária podem impactar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal de idosos.

Dental caries spectrum profile in Brazilian public school children and adolescents

Abstract Dental caries remains a major public health problem, with a higher prevalence among in adolescence. The present study aimed to assess the dental caries spectrum profile in children and adolescents in Brazilian public schools. A cross-sectional study was performed in two public schools in Brazil to examine the permanent teeth of children and adolescents. The dental caries were assessed by applying the Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) instrument, and the results were distributed as per disease status (healthy/codes 0-2; pre-morbidity/code 3; morbidity/code 4-5; severe morbidity/codes 6-7; mortality/code 8) and by severity as per the CAST-F1 formula (no severity, mild, moderate, and severe). The CAST data were described by age groups (8-9 y, 10-11 y, 12-13 y, 14-15 y, 16-17 y, and 18-19 y). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to investigate differences in CAST prevalence and severity among the groups (p < 0.05). Total 598 students were enrolled. Most of the subjects were male (53.34%) and belonged to the age group of 12-13 y (34.95%). The variables CAST 0/1 (p = 0.024), CAST (p = 0.024), and CAST-F1 (p = 0.029) showed significant differences among age groups, and the post hoc test showed the differences in these variables as per the age groups of 14-15 y and 16-17 y (CAST 0/1, p = 0.047; CAST, p = 0.047; CAST-F1, p = 0.033). The dental caries spectrum increased from 8 to 19 y with a peak in the prevalence and severity in the middle of adolescence.

Impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life inBrazilian children with cleft lip and palate / Impacto da má oclusão na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde oral de crianças brasileiras com fissura de lábio e palato

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the impact of malocclusion on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Brazilian children with non-syndromic oral cleft sat tertiary craniofacial center. Material and Methods: Sixty-nine children with non-syndromicoral clefts, aged between 8 and 10 years, were selected and divided into groups according to the cleft type: Group 1 – Children with complete unilateral cleft lip and alveolus; Group 2 – Children with unilateral cleft lip and palate; Group 3 –Children with cleft palate. Each child ans wered the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 8-10 (CPQ8-10) which is a multiple-choice questionnaire, with 29 questions on the impact of oral diseases on the OHRQoL. Then, a visual examination of dental occlusion was carried out. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine statistical significant differences among groups(p<0.05). Results: No statistically significant differences were verified for the impact of cleft type (p=0.895) and malocclusion (p=0.528) on HRQoL of Brazilian children with oral clefts. Conclusion: The malocclusion did not impact onthe OHRQoL of 8-10 year-old children with nonsyndromicclefts...

Este estudo transversal avaliou o impacto da má oclusão sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde oral de crianças brasileiras com fissuras labiopalatina não sindrômicas de um centro de tratamento craniofacial. Material e Métodos: Sessenta e nove crianças com fissurelabiopalatina não sindrômica, com idades entre oito e dez anos, foram selecionadas e divididas em grupos de acordo com o tipo de fissure: Grupo 1 – Crianças com fissura completa de lábio e alvéolo; Grupo 2 – Crianças com fissura completa de lábio e palato; Grupo 3 –Crianças com fissura de palato. Cada criança respondeu o Child Perceptions Questionnaire 8-10 (CPQ 8-10) que é um questionário de múltipla escolha, com 29 perguntas sobre o impacto das doenças orais sobre a qualidade devida. Em seguida, o exame visual da oclusão foi realizado. Os testes de Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney foram usados para determinar as diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos (p<0,05). Resultados: Diferenças estatisticamente significativas não foram verificadas para o impacto do tipo de fissura (p=0,895) e má oclusão (p=0,528) na qualidade de vida de crianças brasileiras com fissuras labiopalatinas. Conclusão: A má oclusão não teve impacto sobre a qualidade de vida de crianças com idade entre oito a dez anos com fissure de lábio e palato não sindrômica...

Dental caries profile in Monte Negro, Amazonian state of Rondônia, Brazil, in 2008

OBJECTIVE: This epidemiological survey assessed the dental caries profile in Monte Negro, a small town in the Amazonian state of Rondônia, Brazil, and its relationship with the northern region, national and global goals for oral health in the years 2000 and 2020. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The groups randomly examined were composed of individuals aged 5, 12, 15 to 19, 35 to 44, 65 to 74 years, living in both rural and urban areas. RESULTS: The means dft (standard deviation) and DMFT (standard deviation) for the groups were, respectively, 3.15 (3.12), 3.41 (2.69), 5.96 (4.19), 16.00 (7.30) and 25.96 (9.82). Caries-free individuals were 34.42 percent, 14.81 percent and 8.16 percent in the preschoolchildren, schoolchildren and adolescent groups, respectively. The Significant Caries Index percentages applied to the two younger groups were 6.65 and 6.70, and they increased to 32.00 in the individuals aged 65 to 74 years. Care Index percentages for adolescents, adults and elderly groups were, respectively, 29.40, 25.00 and 1.41. The dental caries profile in Monte Negro in 2008 shows that, 8 years after the year 2000, no FDI/WHO goal for any age settled in 1982 has been achieved. Dental caries increased with age and the main dental problem of adult and elderly groups was tooth loss. CONCLUSION: Oral health promotion and prevention of oral disease policies are urgent needs. Setting of oral health goals and targets to people living in Monte Negro or Amazonia to be pursuit and achieved in a near future is an important action to do because of the culture, sanitary conditions and socioeconomic aspects of this particular population.